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#1 Leo Valentin Pantocsek's iridescent glass technique

At the 1860s at the Zlatno glass factory, an enthusiastic professional pyrochemist, Leo Valentin Pantocsek had developed a technique that was never been seen before. The iridescent glass, shimmering in all colours of the rainbow had gained the attention of many people, unlike the recognition of him as the inventor.
Just a few people know exactly what the chemical solution was that was applied on the surface of the glass and then was melted on it, but it was definitely quite toxic at the time. It was a "high fire" solution of chemicals that caused reduction.
There are a couple of ways to create iridescence on glass today, but historically, this was something never seen before. Later, Louis C. Tiffany became incredibly famous with these types of iridescent glass and many people connect his name to the invention, which is not accurate.
Let's appreciate this moment in history.
In the picture, the "Amfora", around 1862, part of the collection in the Hungarian Museum of Applied Arts.

#2 "Veil Glass" / Fátyolüveg

In the 1961, a new glassmaking technique was patented in Karcag Glass Factory, in Hungary, called "veil glass". Zoltán Veress and Zoltán Suha professor and chemical engineer has created a new type of procedure that created an evenly distributed sparkling pattern in the glass. The objects consists of three layers, one normal, one with a different temperature capacity, and one with the normal again, enclosing the inner layer that is cracking because of the temperature changes. It is a very difficult job to create objects that have this ability without it cracking the whole object, and this invention certainly took many many tries before it became this wonderful thing. The objects have a simple shape designed by Katalin Somkúti, really enhancing the wonders of the material itself.
I personally have inherited one glass vase with this technique from my great-aunt. In the 1970s these objects have spread quickly in Hungary, fitting in perfectly with the general style of the era, we call "retro" now. In 2008, the factory was closed, causing the manufacturing of these objects and their method to be discontinued. Another reason to cherish its heritage (and of course because they look breathtaking).

#3 Miksa Róth's Stained Glass Windows

Miksa Róth stood out as a luminary in the realms of glass painting and mosaic art, a pivotal figure within the Secession movement. Beyond being a reformer and a master of his craft, he had vibrant and inspirational personality, and had earned global acclaim as a pioneer of applied arts during the transition from the 19th to the 20th century. His renowned works are still present at numerous prominent public buildings in Hungary and also extend to locations worldwide, including Mexico, The Netherlands, and Norway.
In the picture: Windbreak door of the former Léderer House, Budapest, around 1908

#4 Zoltan Bohus (1941-2017) and the era of the 'glued and polished glass'

Bohus is considered as one of the founding members of the modern Hungarian glassmaking movement. He was a university professor since 1993 and head of the department from 1993 to 1996. His persona have influenced many of the contemporary glassmakers and artists today. His works display his experimental nature with materials and technology, and fascination with basic forms as a representative of neo-constructivist, minimalist sculpture. His technique consists of cut, glued and polished glass shapes, layering them with intention, sometimes with inner "messages" in forms os sandblasting, mirrors, inscriptions and coloured glass.
In the picture: "Arches", 2014

#5 Maria Lugossy (1950-2012)

Lugossy was a prominent figure of Hungarian Contemporary glass. She was fundamentally engaged in sculptural art, driven by the aspiration to shape form and arrange space. Using primarily glued, sand-blasted plate glass, she crafts her glass compositions, revealing their message and xenolithic impact through the incorporated materials. Her artistic contributions are showcased in museums globally, such as the Musee du Louvre in Paris, the Corning Museum of Art in New York, the Rijksmuseum in the Netherlands, and the British Museum in London.
In the picture: "Blue Bay"

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